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The sections that I lreenad the most in were the sections on pigment disorders and actinic keratosis. There were four pigment disorders; albinism, vitiligo, ephelides, and melasma. I didn't realize that albinism also affected the vision. It can cause rapid eye movements, eyes that don't track properly, photophobia, decreasedvisual acuity or even functional blindness. Ocular albinism affects only the eys. The pigment is missing from the retina and is X-linked recessive. In ocular albinism is usually only a slightly lighter than normal skin.Oculocutaneous albinism affects both the skin and eyes. In oculocutaneous albinism some of the signs are absence of pigment from the hair, skin or iris of eyes. Oculocutaneous albinism is autosomal recessive. It is diagnosed by appearance of the skin, hair and eyes and genetic testing. Treatment includes improving vision, protecting the eyes from bright light/sun and the skin from the sun.Vitiligo is loss of melanin which causes white patches of skin. Vitiligo affects both sexes and all races. The cause of vitiligo is not known and there is no cure. Diagnosis is based on visual examination. Treatment options include corticosteroids, Psoralen, UV light therapy, depigmentation therapy, and surgical therapies.Ephelides are also known as macule or freckles. Ephelides occur most often in people with light complexions. They are genetic and are related to the presence of the melanocortin-1 receptor gene variant, which is dominant. Ephelides can also be triggered by exposure to sunlight. Lentigines are a type of freckle that develops in older adults and are often called liver spots or age spots. Lentigines are due to excessive sun exposure, not aging. Diagnosis is based on visual examination. Treatment may include bleaching creams, retinoids, cryosurgery, and laaser treatment. Sun screen or not over exposing your skin to sunlight are two precautionary methods for preventing ephelides and lentigines.Another disease of the integumentary system that is caused by UV radiation is actinic keratosis, also known as solar keratosis. These occur more with age. They are wartlike lesions that develop on areas of the body exposed to the sun. They are small rough spots that may be pink-red or flesh colored. If they are not treated 10%-15% may develop into squamous cell carcinoma. Diagnosis of actinic keratosis is visual examination and biopsy. Treatment includes surgery, acid chemical peels, and topical chemotherapy. The best prevention for actinic keratosis is limit exposure to UV radiation.
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(VISITOR) AUTHOR'S NAME
Yumiko
MESSAGE TIMESTAMP
16 december 2014, 11:56:26
AUTHOR'S IP LOGGED
46.127.218.169
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